Pesticides Alternatives

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https://open.fsc.org/handle/resource/1138
It is part of FSC’s Pest Management Policy to support derogation holders to phase out the use of highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs). To do so, FSC has implemented a database in which interested stakeholders will find alternative strategies/practices/products that have previously been implemented by forest managers. These alternatives have been selected following the 3R principle: Reduction, Replacement, Removal with the ultimate objective of abandoning the use of HHPs.

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 78
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Removal of Insect (Heteronychus arator, African black beetle)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Sustainability dimension(s):
    Topics:
    Issues:
    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Australia and New Zealand
    , Oceania
    Countries:
    Australia
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Using a mesh bag around the root ball and lower stem of the seedling at planting as a barrier to grazing insects 100% control was acheived at a lower cost.
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Removal
    Pest Type:
    Insect
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Weed
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
    Source:
    Publication Type:
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    Access Rights:
    Access to the Study: Open link
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    en
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Cultivation (ploughing): Site cultivation can improve growth conditions by disturbance of existing pest plants, cultivation of the soil and compaction relief. However it does not avoid herbicide use as cultivation also stimulates competing weed vegetation. Used in combination with an appropriate herbicide application, site cultivation can reduce the number of herbicide applications required.
    Alternative Trial:
    Yes
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Weed
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Replacement of Insect (Yellow beetle)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    South America
    , Latin America and the Caribbean
    Countries:
    Brazil
    Forest Zones:
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    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    A simple but highly effective method for preventing damage from yellow beetles in Brazil is to leave sprouting tree stumps in plantations (at least two months before adult beetles appear). Seedlings are planted among leftover, sprouting tree stumps. Beetles preferentially feed on sprouts ('pull plants') and are distracted from the young seedlings (Anjos & Majer 2003).21 This method gave good results in all cases where beetle density was not high enough to consume the foliage of sprouts on stumps. It is likely to be also effective with various other beetle species. A research institute in Portugal, RAIZ, has been studying this simple and highly effective alternative for several years. They found that Eucalyptus weevils (Gonipterus scutellatus) can be effectively managed by cutting several Eucalyptus trees and leaving the cut tree stumps in plantations. The Eucalyptus weevil (or snout beetle) is strongly attracted to sprouting stumps, resulting in such low infestation levels that chemical control can be omitted.22 To distract leaf-eating beetles from crop trees, 'pull hedges' can be grown from eucalyptus shoots at the edge of managed areas (between separate FMUs) and at the boundary of nursery seedbeds. Other native plants and robust eucalyptus species which leaf-eating beetles attack preferentially can be interplanted between tree lines to distract beetles from seedlings. This method has been used for a long time in Australia. E.g. by interplanting Eucalyptus grandis with the species E. dunnii, damage to E. grandis caused by Christmas beetles (Anoplognathus chloropyrus) can be minimized. The species E. dunnii is a preferred food plant of Christmas beetles and tolerates extensive defoliation for several successive years (Carne & Taylor 1978).23
    Alternative Trial:
    Yes
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Replacement
    Pest Type:
    Insect
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Removal of Pine wildlings (Competing pine wildlings)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Sustainability dimension(s):
    Topics:
    Issues:
    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Australia and New Zealand
    , Oceania
    Countries:
    Australia
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Manual removal of wildlings
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Removal
    Pest Type:
    Pine wildlings
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Insect (Ips typographus, Eight-toothed spruce bark beetle)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Topics:
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Northern Europe
    , Europe
    Countries:
    United Kingdom
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Behaviour-modifying chemicals – particularly sex attractant pheromones, bark beetle attractants and host tree volatiles – can be used both to monitor pest populations and to prevent or divert attacks.Bark beetles, especially in the genus Ips, produce attractant chemicals, derived partially from thehost tree itself, to alert other beetles to the presence of suitable host material. These chemicalshave been identified and synthesised and many are available commercially. Ips typographus, theEuropean eight-toothed spruce bark beetle, is potentially one of the most dangerous pests ofspruce in Europe and is not yet present in Britain. Pheromone traps, baited with the I. typographusattractant, have been deployed at ports and wood processing yards for a number of years and haveallowed plant health inspectors to respond to infringements of import regulations. Other possibleuses of pheromones are to disrupt successful mating through saturation of the atmosphere so thatmales are unable to locate females within the general pheromone atmosphere. Alternativetechniques, such as target technology, can be used to attract pests to a source impregnated withinsecticides or microbial agents so that the pests can be killed without broadcast sprays of insecticide.
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Insect
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Disease
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    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Northern Europe
    , Europe
    Countries:
    United Kingdom
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Mixtures can be used to provide an insurance when the risk of disease is not clear, e.g. it is recommended that wild cherry (Prunus avium) forms no more than 10% of any new or restocked woodland because of the risk of it succumbing to bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae pv.Morsprunorum). In some situations mixtures can effectively delay or reduce the build-up of a pest within a plantation, for example the use of a mixed beech/conifer plantation can reduce the impact of beech bark disease. However, it must be recognised that there are some disadvantages to mixtures in terms of ease of management and productivity.
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Disease
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Weed (Blackberry)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Australia and New Zealand
    , Oceania
    Countries:
    Australia
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Aid distribution of black berry rust.
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Weed
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Weed (Perennial herbaceous weeds, woody brush and tree species associated with Boreal Forestry use)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Northern America
    Countries:
    Canada
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    NEBIE Trials - study the effects of different silvicultural intensities
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Ongoing research
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Weed
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Weed (Competing woody weeds at year d 1 and 2 - particularly Acacia spp)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Topics:
    Issues:
    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Australia and New Zealand
    , Oceania
    Countries:
    Australia
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    On suitable sites - windrow harvest slash to enable planting access to avoid burning and minimise germination of acacia and other woody weeds
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Weed
  • Thumbnail Image
    Pesticides alternative strategy for Reduction of Pine wildlings (Competing pine wildlings)
    Author(s):
    Publication Year:
    2014
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    Sustainability dimension(s):
    Topics:
    Issues:
    Subject Keywords:
    Pesticides
    Chemicals
    Regions:
    Australia and New Zealand
    , Oceania
    Countries:
    Australia
    Forest Zones:
    Forest Type:
    Tenure Ownership:
    Tenure Management:
    Active Ingredient:
    Alternative Strategy:
    Chopper rolling prior to planting
    Alternative Trial:
    No
    Alternative Type:
    Specific strategy
    Method:
    Reduction
    Pest Type:
    Pine wildlings